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| If you are looking for instructions about ["Nesting"], on how to save your personal data on a USB stick, then this is not the right place. This page documents on how to put the WHOLE SYSTEM on the usb stick. | If you are looking for instructions on how to save your personal data on a USB stick, then this is not the right place, look at ["Nesting"]. This page documents on how to put the '''whole system''' on the usb stick. |
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| The WHOLE SYSTEM requires a USB stick of at least zzzzzz MB. If your USB stick is smaller than that, try ["Nesting"] instead. | The '''whole system''' requires a USB device about the size of the /dyne directory (currently ~655MB at version 2.4.2) + ~30MB (for file system headers). Therefore, the entire system should fit on a USB stick of ~685MB, but you may want a bit more space for your personal files. If your USB stick is smaller try ["Nesting"] instead. |
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| do the following operations from a running dyne:II DHORUBA 2.3 (i will assume the usb stick is recognized as /dev/sda) | Use this tutorial from a running dyneII system (installed to a harddrive or running as a liveCd): |
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| Contrary to the following suggestions, it is probably not advised to use the EXT3 journaled filesystem on a flash/USB device. The journaling results in more disk access than necessary, and results in wearing out the USB device more quickly. It is preferrable to use a non-journaled filesystem such as EXT2 (Linux only) or FAT32 (if you want to make your usb device readable outside of Linux). Read up on journaled vs non-journaled file systems and make an informed decision in your case. partition the usb stick as a unique EXT3 journaled partition (or FAT32 to read the drive in windows): |
1. Open a terminal window. 1. Find what device your USB drive is: . {{{ cat /proc/partitions}}} * ''hda'' means your primary IDE harddrive, ''sd...'' generally means a RAID/SCSI/USB device * From here on in, this tutorial assumes your usb device is /dev/sda, if it's not /dev/sda, change it as necessary. |
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| * {{{ | . {{{ |
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| 1. delete all partitions 1. create a new primary at maximum size 1. put the type to 83 (Linux) 1. write everything and quit |
* delete all partitions * create a new primary at maximum size (Don't use the "Maximize" button, it does something very different) * put the type to 83 (Linux) * write everything and quit |
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| * {{{ mke2fs -j /dev/sda1 }}} |
. {{{ mke2fs /dev/sda1 }}} . Change it to ''mke2fs -j...'' if you want to use EXT3 instead of EXT2. However, it is probably not advised to use the EXT3 journaled filesystem on a flash/USB device. Journaling writes to the disk more often than necessary, which wears out the USB device more quickly. Use a non-journaled filesystem such as EXT2 (Linux only) or FAT32 (if you want to make your usb device readable outside of Linux). The default (ext2) is a safe choice, however, you may want to read up on journaled vs non-journaled file systems and make an informed decision in your case. |
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| * {{{ | . {{{ |
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| * {{{ | . {{{ |
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| . (select the last item in the list and proceed) | * Select the usb device, generally the last item in the list. . '''Note:''' If all the items in the list start with ''hda...'', the computer you're currently using can't be booted from a usb device and you'd be installing grub to a partition of your harddrive instead. Quit, then find another computer. |
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| * {{{ | . {{{ |
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| . (rsync is better than cp and we have a progressbar) | . (rsync is better than cp and we have a progressbar) |
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| inside the boot/grub/menu.lst there are the default options to boot, they should work alltough some times they might need (hd0,0) to be changed to (hd1,0) depending on how the computer sees the usb... | inside the boot/grub/menu.lst there are the default options to boot, they should work although some times they might need (hd0,0) to be changed to (hd1,0) depending on how the computer sees the usb... |
How to boot DyneBolic from USB
The following instructions explain how to make a usb storage device (like usb stick) bootable with grub and install dyne:bolic on it so that you can run it from USB, without harddisk or CD.
If you are looking for instructions on how to save your personal data on a USB stick, then this is not the right place, look at ["Nesting"]. This page documents on how to put the whole system on the usb stick.
The whole system requires a USB device about the size of the /dyne directory (currently ~655MB at version 2.4.2) + ~30MB (for file system headers). Therefore, the entire system should fit on a USB stick of ~685MB, but you may want a bit more space for your personal files. If your USB stick is smaller try ["Nesting"] instead.
little briefing:
- the boot system consists of a bootloader, in our case grub
the bootloader loads a kernel, in our case linux
- the kernel loads a ramdisk, in our case dyne:II initrd.gz
- the ramdisk will look for a dyne/ dock
we keep both kernel and ramdisk in a dock and install grub
Use this tutorial from a running dyneII system (installed to a harddrive or running as a liveCd):
- Open a terminal window.
- Find what device your USB drive is:
cat /proc/partitions
hda means your primary IDE harddrive, sd... generally means a RAID/SCSI/USB device
- From here on in, this tutorial assumes your usb device is /dev/sda, if it's not /dev/sda, change it as necessary.
- Start the partition tool:
cfdisk /dev/sda
- With cfdisk:
- delete all partitions
- create a new primary at maximum size (Don't use the "Maximize" button, it does something very different)
- put the type to 83 (Linux)
- write everything and quit
- Format your drive:
mke2fs /dev/sda1
Change it to mke2fs -j... if you want to use EXT3 instead of EXT2. However, it is probably not advised to use the EXT3 journaled filesystem on a flash/USB device. Journaling writes to the disk more often than necessary, which wears out the USB device more quickly. Use a non-journaled filesystem such as EXT2 (Linux only) or FAT32 (if you want to make your usb device readable outside of Linux). The default (ext2) is a safe choice, however, you may want to read up on journaled vs non-journaled file systems and make an informed decision in your case.
- Mount the drive:
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb
- Install grub:
grubconfig
- Select the usb device, generally the last item in the list.
Note: If all the items in the list start with hda..., the computer you're currently using can't be booted from a usb device and you'd be installing grub to a partition of your harddrive instead. Quit, then find another computer.
- Copy the dyne/ dock directory from the CD
rsync -Pr /mnt/cd1/dyne /mnt/usb/
- (rsync is better than cp and we have a progressbar)
Your USB device is ready!
inside the boot/grub/menu.lst there are the default options to boot, they should work although some times they might need (hd0,0) to be changed to (hd1,0) depending on how the computer sees the usb...