Differences between revisions 4 and 15 (spanning 11 versions)
⇤ ← Revision 4 as of 2021-01-04 14:10:21 →
Size: 3574
Editor: asbesto
Comment:
← Revision 15 as of 2023-07-23 15:00:43 → ⇥
Size: 28545
Editor: asbesto
Comment:
Deletions are marked like this. Additions are marked like this.
Line 23: Line 23:
 * 0x20000 Disk name if present
 * 0x20038 FF
 * 0x20039 FF ..... to
 * 0x200C0 FF
 * 0x200C1 FF and after that some 00

 * 0x20200 Start of directory: first filename.

 * 0x20FFF end of FF and stuff.

=== Directory entries ===

16 bytes for the filename + 2 bytes for the address of the file minus 1 (256 bytes; 1 sector lower, 0x100). Total 18 bytes.

Example

{{{

Dir entry:
00020200 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 41 53 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |MEMOR.ASC.......|
00020210 00 b2 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 4f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..MEMOR.O.......|
00020220 00 00 00 e4 50 43 4f 53 2e 53 41 56 00 00 00 00 |....PCOS.SAV....|

As you can see, MEMOR.ASC begin at B300 (00B2 there). MEMOR.O begin at E500 (00E4 there). Here they are:

MEMOR.ASC
0000b300 31 30 20 52 45 4d 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |10 REM *********|
0000b310 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65 72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63 |***** per ricerc|

MEMOR.O
0000e500 ff 66 a6 00 0a 8f 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |.f.... *********|
0000e510 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65 72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63 |***** per ricerc|

}}}


{{{
 === MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE ===

Main disk block is at track 16, that is 16 x 16 sectors x 2 sides x 256 bytes
= 131072 bytes (0x20000)

==== First sector ====

{{{
Line 70: Line 40:
}}} ???

}}}



{{{
00020000 64 69 5f 67 61 62 72 69 65 6c 65 00 00 00 00 00 |di_gabriele.....|
00020010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6a ce 00 00 |............j...|
00020020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020040 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020050 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020060 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020070 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020080 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020090 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000200a0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000200b0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000200c0 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000200d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000200e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000200f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
}}}

 * 0x20000 Disk name if present, 16 bytes?

 * 0x20038 - 0x200C1? USED BLOCK LIST (ALL FF: disk is full!!! 00 = empty)

 * 0X200C2 - 0x20FFF are all 00's

 * 0x20200 Start of directory: first filename etc

 * 16 BYTES: DISK NAME (IT'S 16 CHARS? TO BE VERIFIED)
 * 12 BYTES: 00
 * 2 BYTES: FREE BLOCKS?
 * 26 BYTES: 00
 * 138 BYTES: used block list as stated above
 * 62 BYTES: 00

total 256 bytes

==== Second sector ====

{{{
00020100 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020110 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020120 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020130 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020140 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020150 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020160 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020170 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020180 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00020190 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201a0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000201f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
}}}

 * All 256 BYTES: 00

==== Third sector - Start of Directory ====

{{{
00020200 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 41 53 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |MEMOR.ASC.......|
00020210 00 b2 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 4f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..MEMOR.O.......|
00020220 00 00 00 e4 50 43 4f 53 2e 53 41 56 00 00 00 00 |....PCOS.SAV....|
00020230 00 00 00 00 00 10 61 6e 74 69 66 75 6d 6f 2e 54 |......antifumo.T|
00020240 58 54 00 00 00 00 01 b7 63 69 2e 73 61 76 00 00 |XT......ci.sav..|
00020250 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 bb 63 6b 65 79 2e 63 |..........ckey.c|
00020260 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 1a 63 6c 75 73 |md..........clus|
00020270 74 65 72 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 64 63 |ter...........dc|
00020280 6f 6e 66 69 67 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 01 1f |onfig.cmd.......|
00020290 65 64 69 74 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |edit.cmd........|
000202a0 01 29 66 63 6f 70 79 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 |.)fcopy.cmd.....|
000202b0 00 00 01 98 66 66 72 65 65 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 |....ffree.cmd...|
000202c0 00 00 00 00 01 b9 66 69 6c 65 00 00 00 00 00 00 |......file......|
000202d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e2 66 6b 69 6c 6c 2e 63 6d |........fkill.cm|
000202e0 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 dc 66 6c 69 73 74 2e |d.........flist.|
000202f0 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 e5 00 00 00 03 |cmd.............|
}}}

14 RECORDS of 18 bytes each, for 14 file names, as follow:

 * 14 BYTES: Filename 1
 * 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
 * 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!
 * 14 BYTES: Filename 2
 * 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
 * 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!
 * ...
 * 14 BYTES: Filename 14
 * 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
 * 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!

Total 252 BYTES

Last 4 bytes of the dir. sector:

 * 2 BYTES: 00
 * 2 BYTES: Pointer to the next directory sector! In the case above: 0300

Total: 256 BYTES

==== Next sectors of the Directory ====

{{{
00020300 66 6f 6e 74 2e 61 6c 6c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |font.all........|
00020310 03 63 66 72 65 6e 61 6d 65 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 |.cfrename.cmd...|
00020320 00 00 02 0d 68 65 6c 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |....help........|
00020330 00 00 00 00 02 cf 69 6e 69 74 2e 62 61 73 00 00 |......init.bas..|
00020340 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b0 74 78 73 75 70 65 72 2e |........txsuper.|
00020350 6f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b8 6b 65 79 67 61 62 |o.........keygab|
00020360 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 c1 6c 61 62 65 |............labe|
00020370 6c 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 21 64 69 |l.cmd........!di|
00020380 73 65 67 6e 69 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fb |segni...........|
00020390 6c 73 63 72 65 65 6e 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 |lscreen.cmd.....|
000203a0 02 2e 70 69 6e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..pin...........|
000203b0 00 00 01 da 70 6b 65 79 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 |....pkey.cmd....|
000203c0 00 00 00 00 02 36 70 6f 65 6d 61 00 00 00 00 00 |.....6poema.....|
000203d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 c4 70 72 75 6e 2e 63 6d 64 |........prun.cmd|
000203e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 3e 70 73 61 76 65 2e |.........>psave.|
000203f0 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 41 00 00 00 04 |cmd........A....|
}}}

They follow the same notation as above until there are 14 of them. Note 00 04 as last two bytes, pointing at sector 0400 as the next dir. sector.

==== LAST sector of the Directory ====

{{{
00020f00 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f10 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f20 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f30 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f40 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f50 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f60 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f70 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f80 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020f90 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020fa0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020fb0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020fc0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020fd0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020fe0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00020ff0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
}}}

Same as before, but the last two bytes are FF FF.
If there are no dir entries, a directory sector is simply filled with FF.

Total sectors for the MAIN DISK TRACK is 16. (a full track)

=== Directory entries ===

16 bytes for the filename (14+2 unused) + 2 bytes for the address of the FILE HEADER. Total 18 bytes.


Example

{{{

Dir entry:
00020200 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 41 53 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |MEMOR.ASC.......|
00020210 00 b2 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 4f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..MEMOR.O.......|
00020220 00 00 00 e4 50 43 4f 53 2e 53 41 56 00 00 00 00 |....PCOS.SAV....|

As you can see, MEMOR.ASC HEADER is at B200 (00B2 there). MEMOR.O HEADER is at E400 (00E4 there). The real files are 0x100 above:

MEMOR.ASC
0000b300 31 30 20 52 45 4d 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |10 REM *********|
0000b310 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65 72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63 |***** per ricerc|

MEMOR.O
0000e500 ff 66 a6 00 0a 8f 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |.f.... *********|
0000e510 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65 72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63 |***** per ricerc|

}}}


=== HEADER STRUCTURE ===

{{{

dir. structure: file + puntatore al blocco dell'header file che
descrive lo stesso file. 14 bytes + 2 ??

Il file e' salvato in pezzi (extents), che sono il numero di PEZZI
DI ROBA DI SETTORI CONTIGUI DA 256 su cui sta il file

massimo 38 extents descritti PER OGNI header sector

4 bytes lunghezza file big endian
2 byte quanti extents sono questo pezzo
18 bytes che non sappiamo che sono
struttura vettore 6 bytes ciascuno x 38 pezzi
Alla fine 4 bytes:
gli ultimi due sono FF FF se gli extents sono al massimo 38 o 37 non ricordo,
altrimenti sono il link al successivo blocco header se hai piu di 38 pezzi extents
se la sua posizione e' >0x200 (20200?) aggiunge 0x10, non so spiegarlo ma riguarda compatibilita'
col drive da 160K

Il secondo HEADER ha solo la struttura vettore extentlist a pezzi di 6 bytes (4 + 2) e poi finisce
con ff ff

dai src:
alloc_size e' la dimensione in byte, che e' extents « 8
che ricalcola

WPACK struct ALIGN_ file_header { /* sizeof: 256 bytes */
    cpg_u32_t filelen;
    cpg_u16_t extents;
    cpg_u8_t unknown[16];
    cpg_u16_t unknown2;
    struct extent extentlist[MAX_FILE_EXTENTS];
    cpg_u32_t link; /* 0xffffffff for last */
} ALIGN_2;

4+ 2 + 16 + 2 +38*6 + 4 = 256

il settore puntato dalla directory structure e' quello del file header
gli EXTENTS sono tutti i frammenti del file
i puntatori ad essi hanno il formato
START_SECTOR (32bit):NUM_SECTORS(16bit) (6 BYTES)
cioe' DOVE STA l'extent e di quanti settori e' fatto

}}}
Line 120: Line 323:

Work in progress. analysis on disk named 640ksu12mb-noparam.img

70 track total, from 0 to 69.

 * Track 0: FM encoding, 16 sectors, 128 bytes/sector.
 * Track 1-69: MFM encoding, 16 sectors, 256 bytes/sector.

Total formatted disk size 573440. They're 2240 blocks * 256 bytes (considering first sector as a 256 bytes/sector size as many emulators do. IDK)

''What follow is from the disk dump analysis:''



=== MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE ===

Main disk block start at 0x40000 (track 32, middle of the disk as per specs and as noted in the disk dump!)

 * 0x40000 Disk name if present
 * 0x40038 FF
 * 0x40039 FF ..... to
 * 0x40070 FF
 * 0x40071 FF and after that some 00

 * 0x40200 Start of directory: first filename.

 * 0x40FFF end of directory structure? this disk is packed full! no FF and stuff, just filenames 'till the end.


There are piaces of the dir at:

0x040000 - 0x041000 BEGINNING OF DIR this is the main dir block o come cazz si chiam. Files from PCOS.SAV to scomm.cmd. LAST 2 BYTES ARE 07 EF! so the dir must jump to something like 07EF or EF07? instead, seem to be 07FF instead... EF + 10? ...

{{{
00040fd0 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 f7 73 63 68 69 66 6f 6c 61 |........schifola|
00040fe0 7a 7a 6f 00 00 00 00 00 07 f9 73 63 6f 6d 6d 2e |zzo.......scomm.|
00040ff0 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 41 00 00 07 ef |cmd........A....|
}}}

0x07FF00 - 0x080200 from scrivefile to vcz - last two bytes are 08 8F so must jump to 089F00 ? 8F +10?

{{{
000801d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 97 76 63 6f 70 79 2e 63 6d |........vcopy.cm|
000801e0 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 a1 76 63 7a 00 00 00 |d.........vcz...|
000801f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 6b 00 00 08 8f |...........k....|
}}}

0x089F00 - 0x08A000 Yes it is. Files are from vdepass.cmd to files.lst, last bytes 07 9E? 07AE00? let's try

{{{
00089fd0 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 ef 68 65 6c 70 62 69 6e 00 |........helpbin.|
00089fe0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 90 66 69 6c 65 73 2e |..........files.|
00089ff0 6c 73 74 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 4e 00 00 07 9e |lst........N....|
}}}

0x07AE00 - 0x07B200 YES! Only the "clusters" file, and after that, all FFFFFF with the counting to some next directory block, as per directory structure!!! there are some of them and the last end at 0x7B200 but last bytes are 06 4F. let's go to 065F00 then...

{{{
0007ae00 63 6c 75 73 74 65 72 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |cluster.........|
0007ae10 07 ab ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae20 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae30 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae40 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae50 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae60 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae70 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae80 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007ae90 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aea0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aeb0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aec0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aed0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aee0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aef0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 9f |................|
0007af00 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af10 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af20 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af30 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af40 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af50 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af60 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af70 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af80 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007af90 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007afa0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007afb0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007afc0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007afd0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007afe0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007aff0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 a0 |................|
0007b000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b010 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b020 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b030 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b040 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b050 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b060 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b070 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b080 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b090 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0a0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0b0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0c0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0d0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b0f0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 a1 |................|
0007b100 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b110 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b120 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b130 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b140 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b150 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b160 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b170 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b180 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b190 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1a0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1b0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1c0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1d0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
0007b1f0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 06 4f |...............O|
}}}

0x065F00 - 0x066200 - a block is filled with 00 (strange! bad block?), the next jumps correctly at 066100 (last bytes being 06 51) and the last block ends with FF FF, that I think signal the END OF THE DIRECTORY STRUCTURE.

{{{
00065f00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f50 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f60 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065f90 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065fa0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065fb0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065fc0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065fd0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065fe0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00065ff0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00066000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066010 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066020 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066030 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066040 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066050 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066060 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066070 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066080 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066090 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660a0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660b0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660c0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660d0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000660f0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 06 51 |...............Q|
00066100 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066110 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066120 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066130 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066140 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066150 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066160 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066170 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066180 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
00066190 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661a0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661b0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661c0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661d0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
000661f0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................| <--- FF FF, end of directory!!! FINALLY
00066200 00 00 00 17 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
}}}

So the dir structure is a REAL MESS. A lot of records of 14 filenames on a single disk!

They seem to be 6912 bytes (0x1B00) for the entire structure; 27 blocks or 28?

Definition for 320K disk is

#define PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK 14 /* # of dir entries in one diskette block */
#define PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS 14 /* # of blocks containing the directory */

'''Maybe we need to go to 28! '''

28 blocks x 14 files = 392 files on a single disk. exact double of 360K (14x14 = 196 files)

14 filenames enter in 0X100 BYTES (256 BYTES!) SO 27 blocks * 14 files equal 378 files in a single disk. or are they 28? the double of 14 from the 320K disk?

''Note: There's stuff at 0x77400 similar to a dir. listing but is a print in ASCII, printed from the output of vq.''


=== Directory entries ===

It's the same as 320KB.

16 bytes for the filename + 2 bytes for the address of the file minus 1 (256 bytes; 1 sector lower, 0x100). Total 18 bytes.

Example

{{{

Dir entry:

000402d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 6b 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 4f 00 |.......kMEMOR.O.|
000402e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 9b 50 41 52 4f 4c 45 |..........PAROLE|
000402f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 70 00 00 00 03 |...........p....|

As you can see, MEMOR.O begin at 9B06 (069B there). that is 089b06 in the disk dump.
I don't know why. Maybe offset from some block position must be added?

00089b06 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |...... *********|
00089b10 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65 72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63 |***** per ricerc|
00089b20 61 20 69 6e 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 69 61 3a 20 63 68 |a in memoria: ch|
00089b30 72 24 20 28 34 32 29 20 00 2e e7 00 14 3a 8f e5 |r$ (42) .....:..|


}}}



'''What follow seem to be the same from 320K but must be checked'''


{{{

struct m20dir_entry {
    cpg_u8_t name[16];
    cpg_u32_t size;
    cpg_u32_t alloc_size;
    cpg_u16_t extents;
    cpg_u16_t flags;
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
};

}}}

{{{

#define PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK 14 /* # of dir entries in one diskette block */
#define PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS 14 /* # of blocks containing the directory */
#define PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES (PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK * PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS)
                    /* size of memory needed to hold full directory */
#define M20DIR_SIZE (PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES * \
                     sizeof(struct m20dir_entry) + m20dir_hdr_size)

}}}

14 directory entries (files) in a single 0x100 bytes block dir structure;

So 14 blocks for the entire dir structure, each with 14 filenames and pointers inside it.
Total dir is 196 files for a single floppy directory. M20DIR_SIZE IDK what that is.

{{{

/* directory structures used by PCOS on disk */
/* all entries are big-endian! */

    cpg_u8_t name[16]; /* in fact 14 only, don't know what the other 2 bytes are... */
                         /* in my tests they are always 0 */
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
} ALIGN_2;

WPACK struct ALIGN_ dir_sector {
    struct direntry files[PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK];
    cpg_u32_t link;
} ALIGN_2;

/* block free bitmap + etc (sector 0x200) */

#define NUM_FILE_BLOCKS 0x8a /* available blocks for files (-16, directory blocks not considered) */

WPACK struct ALIGN_ disk_header {
    cpg_u8_t volname[15]; /* volume name (max. 14 chars w/terminating zero) */
    cpg_u8_t unknown1[13]; /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u16_t sernum_or_unknown; /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t unknown2[0x1a]; /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t bfl[NUM_FILE_BLOCKS]; /* block free list */
} ALIGN_2;



}}}

----
CategoryMuseo

Olivetti M20 disk format analysis

Contents

  1. Olivetti M20 disk format analysis
    1. 160K
    2. 320K
      1. MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE
      2. Directory entries
      3. HEADER STRUCTURE
    3. 640K
      1. MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE
      2. Directory entries

160K

We don't have any but we can guess.

320K

35 track total, from 0 to 34.

  • Track 0: FM encoding, 16 sectors, 128 bytes/sector.
  • Track 1-34: MFM encoding, 16 sectors, 256 bytes/sector.

Total disk size 286720 - readable by "m20" utility. That is about 1120 blocks * 256 bytes (considering first sector as a 256 bytes/sector size as many emulators do. IDK)

MAIN DISK BLOCK is at 0x20000 (track 16).

MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE

Main disk block is at track 16, that is 16 x 16 sectors x 2 sides x 256 bytes = 131072 bytes (0x20000)

First sector

struct m20dir_entry {
    cpg_u8_t  name[16];
    cpg_u32_t size;
    cpg_u32_t alloc_size;
    cpg_u16_t extents;
    cpg_u16_t flags;
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
};

???

00020000  64 69 5f 67 61 62 72 69  65 6c 65 00 00 00 00 00  |di_gabriele.....|
00020010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 6a ce 00 00  |............j...|
00020020  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020030  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020040  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020050  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020060  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020070  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020080  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020090  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000200a0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000200b0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000200c0  ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000200d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000200e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000200f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
  • 0x20000 Disk name if present, 16 bytes?
  • 0x20038 - 0x200C1? USED BLOCK LIST (ALL FF: disk is full!!! 00 = empty)
  • 0X200C2 - 0x20FFF are all 00's
  • 0x20200 Start of directory: first filename etc
  • 16 BYTES: DISK NAME (IT'S 16 CHARS? TO BE VERIFIED)
  • 12 BYTES: 00
  • 2 BYTES: FREE BLOCKS?
  • 26 BYTES: 00
  • 138 BYTES: used block list as stated above
  • 62 BYTES: 00

total 256 bytes

Second sector

00020100  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020110  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020120  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020130  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020140  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020150  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020160  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020170  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020180  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00020190  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201a0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201c0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
000201f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
  • All 256 BYTES: 00

Third sector - Start of Directory

00020200  4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 41 53  43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |MEMOR.ASC.......|
00020210  00 b2 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e  4f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |..MEMOR.O.......|
00020220  00 00 00 e4 50 43 4f 53  2e 53 41 56 00 00 00 00  |....PCOS.SAV....|
00020230  00 00 00 00 00 10 61 6e  74 69 66 75 6d 6f 2e 54  |......antifumo.T|
00020240  58 54 00 00 00 00 01 b7  63 69 2e 73 61 76 00 00  |XT......ci.sav..|
00020250  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 bb 63 6b 65 79 2e 63  |..........ckey.c|
00020260  6d 64 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 01 1a 63 6c 75 73  |md..........clus|
00020270  74 65 72 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 ff 64 63  |ter...........dc|
00020280  6f 6e 66 69 67 2e 63 6d  64 00 00 00 00 00 01 1f  |onfig.cmd.......|
00020290  65 64 69 74 2e 63 6d 64  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |edit.cmd........|
000202a0  01 29 66 63 6f 70 79 2e  63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00  |.)fcopy.cmd.....|
000202b0  00 00 01 98 66 66 72 65  65 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00  |....ffree.cmd...|
000202c0  00 00 00 00 01 b9 66 69  6c 65 00 00 00 00 00 00  |......file......|
000202d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e2  66 6b 69 6c 6c 2e 63 6d  |........fkill.cm|
000202e0  64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  01 dc 66 6c 69 73 74 2e  |d.........flist.|
000202f0  63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 01 e5 00 00 00 03  |cmd.............|

14 RECORDS of 18 bytes each, for 14 file names, as follow:

  • 14 BYTES: Filename 1
  • 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
  • 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!
  • 14 BYTES: Filename 2
  • 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
  • 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!
  • ...
  • 14 BYTES: Filename 14
  • 2 BYTES: Unknown flags
  • 2 BYTES: Pointer to the file HEADER LOCATION!

Total 252 BYTES

Last 4 bytes of the dir. sector:

  • 2 BYTES: 00
  • 2 BYTES: Pointer to the next directory sector! In the case above: 0300

Total: 256 BYTES

Next sectors of the Directory

00020300  66 6f 6e 74 2e 61 6c 6c  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |font.all........|
00020310  03 63 66 72 65 6e 61 6d  65 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00  |.cfrename.cmd...|
00020320  00 00 02 0d 68 65 6c 70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |....help........|
00020330  00 00 00 00 02 cf 69 6e  69 74 2e 62 61 73 00 00  |......init.bas..|
00020340  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b0  74 78 73 75 70 65 72 2e  |........txsuper.|
00020350  6f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 b8 6b 65 79 67 61 62  |o.........keygab|
00020360  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 02 c1 6c 61 62 65  |............labe|
00020370  6c 2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 02 21 64 69  |l.cmd........!di|
00020380  73 65 67 6e 69 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fb  |segni...........|
00020390  6c 73 63 72 65 65 6e 2e  63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00  |lscreen.cmd.....|
000203a0  02 2e 70 69 6e 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |..pin...........|
000203b0  00 00 01 da 70 6b 65 79  2e 63 6d 64 00 00 00 00  |....pkey.cmd....|
000203c0  00 00 00 00 02 36 70 6f  65 6d 61 00 00 00 00 00  |.....6poema.....|
000203d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 02 c4  70 72 75 6e 2e 63 6d 64  |........prun.cmd|
000203e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  02 3e 70 73 61 76 65 2e  |.........>psave.|
000203f0  63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 02 41 00 00 00 04  |cmd........A....|

They follow the same notation as above until there are 14 of them. Note 00 04 as last two bytes, pointing at sector 0400 as the next dir. sector.

LAST sector of the Directory

00020f00  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f10  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f20  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f30  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f40  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f50  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f60  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f70  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f80  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020f90  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020fa0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020fb0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020fc0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020fd0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020fe0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00020ff0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|

Same as before, but the last two bytes are FF FF. If there are no dir entries, a directory sector is simply filled with FF.

Total sectors for the MAIN DISK TRACK is 16. (a full track)

Directory entries

16 bytes for the filename (14+2 unused) + 2 bytes for the address of the FILE HEADER. Total 18 bytes.

Example 

Dir entry:
00020200  4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 41 53  43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |MEMOR.ASC.......|
00020210  00 b2 4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e  4f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |..MEMOR.O.......|
00020220  00 00 00 e4 50 43 4f 53  2e 53 41 56 00 00 00 00  |....PCOS.SAV....|

As you can see, MEMOR.ASC HEADER is at B200 (00B2 there). MEMOR.O HEADER is at E400 (00E4 there). The real files are 0x100 above:

MEMOR.ASC
0000b300  31 30 20 52 45 4d 20 2a  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a  |10 REM *********|
0000b310  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65  72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63  |***** per ricerc|

MEMOR.O
0000e500  ff 66 a6 00 0a 8f 20 2a  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a  |.f.... *********|
0000e510  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65  72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63  |***** per ricerc|

HEADER STRUCTURE

dir. structure: file + puntatore al blocco dell'header file che
descrive lo stesso file. 14 bytes + 2 ??

Il file e' salvato in pezzi (extents), che sono il numero di PEZZI
DI ROBA DI SETTORI CONTIGUI DA 256 su cui sta il file

massimo 38 extents descritti PER OGNI header sector

4 bytes lunghezza file big endian
2 byte quanti extents sono questo pezzo
18 bytes che non sappiamo che sono
struttura vettore 6 bytes ciascuno x 38 pezzi
Alla fine 4 bytes: 
gli ultimi due sono FF FF se gli extents sono al massimo 38 o 37 non ricordo, 
altrimenti sono il link al successivo blocco header se hai piu di 38 pezzi extents
se la sua posizione e' >0x200 (20200?) aggiunge 0x10, non so spiegarlo ma riguarda compatibilita'
col drive da 160K

Il secondo HEADER ha solo la struttura vettore extentlist a pezzi di 6 bytes  (4 + 2) e poi finisce
con ff ff

dai src:
alloc_size e' la dimensione in byte, che e' extents « 8
che ricalcola

WPACK struct ALIGN_ file_header { /* sizeof: 256 bytes */
    cpg_u32_t     filelen;
    cpg_u16_t     extents;
    cpg_u8_t      unknown[16];
    cpg_u16_t     unknown2;
    struct extent extentlist[MAX_FILE_EXTENTS];
    cpg_u32_t     link;        /* 0xffffffff for last */
} ALIGN_2;

4+ 2 + 16 + 2 +38*6 + 4 = 256

il settore puntato dalla directory structure e' quello del file header
gli EXTENTS sono tutti i frammenti del file
i puntatori ad essi hanno il formato
START_SECTOR (32bit):NUM_SECTORS(16bit) (6 BYTES)
cioe' DOVE STA l'extent e di quanti settori e' fatto

#define PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK 14  /* # of dir entries in one diskette block */
#define PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS    14  /* # of blocks containing the directory */
#define PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES   (PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK * PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS)
                    /* size of memory needed to hold full directory */
#define M20DIR_SIZE (PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES * \
                     sizeof(struct m20dir_entry) + m20dir_hdr_size)

14 directory entries (files) in a single 0x100 bytes block dir structure;

So 14 blocks for the entire dir structure, each with 14 filenames and pointers inside it. Total dir is 196 files for a single floppy directory. M20DIR_SIZE IDK what that is. 

/* directory structures used by PCOS on disk */
/* all entries are big-endian! */

    cpg_u8_t  name[16];  /* in fact 14 only, don't know what the other 2 bytes are... */
                         /* in my tests they are always 0 */
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
} ALIGN_2;

WPACK struct ALIGN_ dir_sector {
    struct direntry files[PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK];
    cpg_u32_t       link;
}  ALIGN_2;

/* block free bitmap + etc (sector 0x200) */

#define NUM_FILE_BLOCKS 0x8a    /* available blocks for files (-16, directory blocks not considered) */

WPACK struct ALIGN_ disk_header {
    cpg_u8_t  volname[15];           /* volume name (max. 14 chars w/terminating zero) */
    cpg_u8_t  unknown1[13];          /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u16_t sernum_or_unknown;     /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t  unknown2[0x1a];        /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t  bfl[NUM_FILE_BLOCKS];  /* block free list */
}  ALIGN_2;

640K

Work in progress. analysis on disk named 640ksu12mb-noparam.img

70 track total, from 0 to 69.

  • Track 0: FM encoding, 16 sectors, 128 bytes/sector.
  • Track 1-69: MFM encoding, 16 sectors, 256 bytes/sector.

Total formatted disk size 573440. They're 2240 blocks * 256 bytes (considering first sector as a 256 bytes/sector size as many emulators do. IDK)

What follow is from the disk dump analysis:

MAIN DISK BLOCK STRUCTURE

Main disk block start at 0x40000 (track 32, middle of the disk as per specs and as noted in the disk dump!)

  • 0x40000 Disk name if present
  • 0x40038 FF
  • 0x40039 FF ..... to
  • 0x40070 FF
  • 0x40071 FF and after that some 00
  • 0x40200 Start of directory: first filename.
  • 0x40FFF end of directory structure? this disk is packed full! no FF and stuff, just filenames 'till the end.

There are piaces of the dir at:

0x040000 - 0x041000 BEGINNING OF DIR this is the main dir block o come cazz si chiam. Files from PCOS.SAV to scomm.cmd. LAST 2 BYTES ARE 07 EF! so the dir must jump to something like 07EF or EF07? instead, seem to be 07FF instead... EF + 10? ... 

00040fd0  00 00 00 00 00 00 07 f7  73 63 68 69 66 6f 6c 61  |........schifola|
00040fe0  7a 7a 6f 00 00 00 00 00  07 f9 73 63 6f 6d 6d 2e  |zzo.......scomm.|
00040ff0  63 6d 64 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 01 41 00 00 07 ef  |cmd........A....|

0x07FF00 - 0x080200 from scrivefile to vcz - last two bytes are 08 8F so must jump to 089F00 ? 8F +10? 

000801d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 01 97  76 63 6f 70 79 2e 63 6d  |........vcopy.cm|
000801e0  64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  01 a1 76 63 7a 00 00 00  |d.........vcz...|
000801f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 08 6b 00 00 08 8f  |...........k....|

0x089F00 - 0x08A000 Yes it is. Files are from vdepass.cmd to files.lst, last bytes 07 9E? 07AE00? let's try 

00089fd0  00 00 00 00 00 00 04 ef  68 65 6c 70 62 69 6e 00  |........helpbin.|
00089fe0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  08 90 66 69 6c 65 73 2e  |..........files.|
00089ff0  6c 73 74 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 09 4e 00 00 07 9e  |lst........N....|

0x07AE00 - 0x07B200 YES! Only the "clusters" file, and after that, all FFFFFF with the counting to some next directory block, as per directory structure!!! there are some of them and the last end at 0x7B200 but last bytes are 06 4F. let's go to 065F00 then... 

0007ae00  63 6c 75 73 74 65 72 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |cluster.........|
0007ae10  07 ab ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae20  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae30  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae40  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae50  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae60  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae70  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae80  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007ae90  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aea0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aeb0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aec0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aed0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aee0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aef0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 9f  |................|
0007af00  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af10  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af20  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af30  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af40  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af50  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af60  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af70  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af80  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007af90  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007afa0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007afb0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007afc0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007afd0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007afe0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007aff0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 a0  |................|
0007b000  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b010  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b020  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b030  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b040  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b050  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b060  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b070  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b080  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b090  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0a0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0b0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0c0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0d0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0e0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b0f0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff 00 00 07 a1  |................|
0007b100  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b110  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b120  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b130  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b140  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b150  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b160  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b170  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b180  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b190  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1a0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1b0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1c0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1d0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1e0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
0007b1f0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff 00 00 06 4f  |...............O|

0x065F00 - 0x066200 - a block is filled with 00 (strange! bad block?), the next jumps correctly at 066100 (last bytes being 06 51) and the last block ends with FF FF, that I think signal the END OF THE DIRECTORY STRUCTURE. 

00065f00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f10  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f20  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f30  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f40  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f50  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f60  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f70  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f80  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065f90  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065fa0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065fb0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065fc0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065fd0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065fe0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00065ff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00066000  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066010  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066020  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066030  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066040  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066050  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066060  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066070  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066080  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066090  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660a0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660b0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660c0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660d0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660e0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000660f0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff 00 00 06 51  |...............Q|
00066100  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066110  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066120  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066130  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066140  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066150  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066160  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066170  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066180  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
00066190  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661a0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661b0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661c0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661d0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661e0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................|
000661f0  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |................| <--- FF FF, end of directory!!! FINALLY
00066200  00 00 00 17 00 01 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|

So the dir structure is a REAL MESS. A lot of records of 14 filenames on a single disk!

They seem to be 6912 bytes (0x1B00) for the entire structure; 27 blocks or 28?

Definition for 320K disk is

#define PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK 14 #define PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS 14

Maybe we need to go to 28!

28 blocks x 14 files = 392 files on a single disk. exact double of 360K (14x14 = 196 files)

14 filenames enter in 0X100 BYTES (256 BYTES!) SO 27 blocks * 14 files equal 378 files in a single disk. or are they 28? the double of 14 from the 320K disk?

Note: There's stuff at 0x77400 similar to a dir. listing but is a print in ASCII, printed from the output of vq.

Directory entries

It's the same as 320KB.

16 bytes for the filename + 2 bytes for the address of the file minus 1 (256 bytes; 1 sector lower, 0x100). Total 18 bytes.

Example 

Dir entry:

000402d0  00 00 00 00 00 00 05 6b  4d 45 4d 4f 52 2e 4f 00  |.......kMEMOR.O.|
000402e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  06 9b 50 41 52 4f 4c 45  |..........PAROLE|
000402f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 05 70 00 00 00 03  |...........p....|

As you can see, MEMOR.O begin at 9B06 (069B there). that is 089b06 in the disk dump. 
I don't know why. Maybe offset from some block position must be added? 

00089b06                    20 2a  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a  |...... *********|
00089b10  2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 70 65  72 20 72 69 63 65 72 63  |***** per ricerc|
00089b20  61 20 69 6e 20 6d 65 6d  6f 72 69 61 3a 20 63 68  |a in memoria: ch|
00089b30  72 24 20 28 34 32 29 20  00 2e e7 00 14 3a 8f e5  |r$ (42) .....:..|

What follow seem to be the same from 320K but must be checked 

struct m20dir_entry {
    cpg_u8_t  name[16];
    cpg_u32_t size;
    cpg_u32_t alloc_size;
    cpg_u16_t extents;
    cpg_u16_t flags;
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
};

#define PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK 14  /* # of dir entries in one diskette block */
#define PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS    14  /* # of blocks containing the directory */
#define PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES   (PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK * PCOS_NUM_DIR_BLOCKS)
                    /* size of memory needed to hold full directory */
#define M20DIR_SIZE (PCOS_MAX_DIR_ENTRIES * \
                     sizeof(struct m20dir_entry) + m20dir_hdr_size)

14 directory entries (files) in a single 0x100 bytes block dir structure;

So 14 blocks for the entire dir structure, each with 14 filenames and pointers inside it. Total dir is 196 files for a single floppy directory. M20DIR_SIZE IDK what that is. 

/* directory structures used by PCOS on disk */
/* all entries are big-endian! */

    cpg_u8_t  name[16];  /* in fact 14 only, don't know what the other 2 bytes are... */
                         /* in my tests they are always 0 */
    cpg_u16_t startsec;
} ALIGN_2;

WPACK struct ALIGN_ dir_sector {
    struct direntry files[PCOS_DIR_ENTRIES_BLOCK];
    cpg_u32_t       link;
}  ALIGN_2;

/* block free bitmap + etc (sector 0x200) */

#define NUM_FILE_BLOCKS 0x8a    /* available blocks for files (-16, directory blocks not considered) */

WPACK struct ALIGN_ disk_header {
    cpg_u8_t  volname[15];           /* volume name (max. 14 chars w/terminating zero) */
    cpg_u8_t  unknown1[13];          /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u16_t sernum_or_unknown;     /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t  unknown2[0x1a];        /* purpose unknown at this time */
    cpg_u8_t  bfl[NUM_FILE_BLOCKS];  /* block free list */
}  ALIGN_2;

CategoryMuseo

M20Disk (last edited 2023-07-23 15:00:43 by asbesto)