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Guida al riconoscimento di hardware storico

Questo documento elenca i criteri che permettono di riconoscere quale hardware (computer, monitor, periferica, dispositivo elettronico, scheda, rack o altro ancora) puo' essere di interesse storico rispetto ad altro hardware piu' recente o di nessun interesse.

Criteri di base

Per un primo riconoscimento possiamo classificare i seguenti metodi di indagine:

Marche e case produttrici
Forma
Dimensione
Materiali utilizzati
Colori

Marche e case produttrici

Alcune case produttrici oggi non esistono piu'; e' quindi facile identificare hardware di interesse storico in base alle seguenti marche:

Acorn Computers Adam Colecovision AES Office Automation Altos Amstrad Anamartic Apple Computers Apricot AST Research Atari Blundell Harling Bondwell British Telecom Burroughs Corporation C Itoh Camputers Ltd Canon Cifer PLC Cobalt Commodore Compaq Compukit Convergent Technologies Data Designs Menta Data General Dell Digital DEC Dolch Computer Systems Dragon Data Ltd EACA EDSAC Elonex English Electric LEO Enigma (Gemini - Galaxy) Enterprise Computers EO Computer Ltd Epson Ericsson ES COM European Data Systems Evesham Micros Exidy Ferranti Fujitsu GEC Computers Gemini Microcomputers Goldstar Goupil GR Electronics GRiD Grundy NewBrain Handspring Hawk Computers Hektor Hewlett Packard Hi Grade IBM ICL ICT IMSAI Intel Intermedia Graphic Systems Intersil Intertec ITT Jupiter Cantab Kaypro Kokusai Electric | Laser - Video Technology Computers Linus Technologies LSI Octopus Lucas - Nascom Marconi Mattel Electronics Memotech Metier MGT - Miles Gordon Technology Microbee Microscribe Microtek Microwriter Mitac MITS - Altair Mitsubishi Motorola National Semiconductor NEC Corporation Network Computing Devices NeXT Computers NMW Computers PLC NTS Computers Ltd Ohio Scientific Olivetti Oregon Scientific Oric Osborne Panasonic Philips Poqet Portable Business Systems Powertran Psion Qtek Quince Communications Radio Shack - Tandy Raspberry Pi Research Machines Rockwell International RS Components Samsung Sanco Sanyo Scientific Development Corporation Scientific Micro Systems SCL - Semiconductor Complex Limited Seiko Sharp Siemens Silicon Graphics - SGI Sinclair Sirius Systems Technology Sony Sord / CGL Sun Microsystems SWTPC Symbolics Tandon Tangerine Computer Systems Tatung Einstein TeleVideo Terminal Technology - Microscribe Texas Instruments Tidalwave Torch Computers Ltd Toshiba Transam Triumph-AdlerAlphatronic - Matmos PC Tulip Computers Umax Viglen Vydec Exxon Wang Xerox Yamaha Zenith Data Systems Zilog

Forse e' il caso di sfoltire ed eliminare alcuni di questi loghi/marche? Sono troppi?

Forma

I computer di una volta avevano forme differenti rispetto a quelli odierni. Di seguito, ecco alcuni esempi, in ordine piu o meno cronologico.

Rack

Scheda

Misto legno/metallo

Unita centrale e tastiera insieme

Unita centrale, schermo e tastiera insieme

Forme strane

Colori sgargianti

Dimensione

Le dimensioni dei computer storici ed in generale dell'hardware erano piu' generose nei sistemi di alcuni anni fa.

Materiali utilizzati

Metallo verniciato a polvere, resina, abs? Plastiche ingiallite? Rack industriali? Involucri misti legno/metallo?

Colori

I sistemi di un tempo spesso sfoggiavano colori sgargianti: azzurro, blu, rosa, rosso, giallo, con diverse combinazioni.

Analisi del pezzo

Quando si sospetta che un pezzo abbia interesse storico o sia di una certa eta', possiamo esaminarlo in base ai seguenti criteri

Datazione su etichette esterne: ci sono delle date di collaudo, di scadenza garanzia o altro?
Datazione sui chip delle schede interne

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Galaxy)}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-520.jpg|Enterprise Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-23237.jpg|EO Computer Ltd}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-156.jpg|Epson}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-13992.jpg|Ericsson}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-18512.jpg|ES COM}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3925.jpg|European Data Systems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-6632.jpg|Evesham Micros}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5395.jpg|Exidy}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-902.jpg|Ferranti}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/no_section_icon.gif|Fujitsu}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2065.gif|GEC Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-11356.gif|Gemini Microcomputers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1369.gif|Goldstar}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16194.jpg|Goupil}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-25224.jpg|GR Electronics}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-6564.jpg|GRiD}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5290.jpg|Grundy NewBrain}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5780.gif|Handspring}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-22018.jpg|Hawk Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2141.jpg|Hektor}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-854.gif|Hewlett Packard}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1294.jpg|Hi Grade}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-116.jpg|IBM}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1820.jpg|ICL}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-8873.jpg|ICT}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-27289.jpg|IMSAI}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-730.jpg|Intel}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4924.jpg|Intermedia Graphic Systems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-15338.jpg|Intersil}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1780.gif|Intertec}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3267.jpg|ITT}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1331.jpg|Jupiter Cantab}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-596.jpg|Kaypro}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3412.jpg|Kokusai Electric}}|{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-18764.jpg|Laser - Video  Technology Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-28027.jpg|Linus Technologies}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-26766.jpg|LSI Octopus}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-83.jpg|Lucas - Nascom}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16853.jpg|Marconi}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-125.jpg|Mattel Electronics}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-749.jpg|Memotech}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-14415.gif|Metier}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-159.jpg|MGT - Miles Gordon Technology}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-756.gif|Microbee}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4994.png|Microscribe}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4631.png|Microtek}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5793.jpg|Microwriter}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-10519.jpg|Mitac}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5.jpg|MITS - Altair}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2231.png|Mitsubishi}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-23959.jpg|Motorola}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4621.jpg|National Semiconductor}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1324.png|NEC Corporation}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1064.jpg|Network Computing Devices}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-195.jpg|NeXT Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2385.jpg|NMW Computers PLC}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-23547.jpg|NTS Computers Ltd}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-6950.jpg|Ohio Scientific}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-534.jpg|Olivetti}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-25337.jpg|Oregon Scientific}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-525.jpg|Oric}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-135.jpg|Osborne}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4931.jpg|Panasonic}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-162.jpg|Philips}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-15669.jpg|Poqet}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-22170.jpg|Portable Business Systems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-22146.jpg|Powertran}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1417.png|Psion}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-28826.gif|Qtek}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-23582.jpg|Quince Communications}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-877.jpg|Radio Shack - Tandy}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16947.jpg|Raspberry Pi}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-523.jpg|Research Machines}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1576.jpg|Rockwell International}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16776.jpg|RS Components}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-18730.jpg|Samsung}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4054.gif|Sanco}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1286.jpg|Sanyo}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-498.jpg|Scientific Development Corporation}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-708.jpg|Scientific Micro Systems|}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4929.jpg|SCL - Semiconductor Complex Limited}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-19470.jpg|Seiko}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-531.jpg|Sharp}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-14327.jpg|Siemens}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-81.jpg|Silicon Graphics - SGI}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-80.jpg|Sinclair}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2506.gif|Sirius Systems Technology}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-153.jpg|Sony}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-122.jpg|Sord / CGL}}
{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-197.jpg|Sun Microsystems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16737.jpg|SWTPC}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-22980.jpg|Symbolics}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3897.png|Tandon}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-23945.jpg|Tangerine Computer Systems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-104.jpg|Tatung Einstein}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4764.jpg|TeleVideo}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-4977.jpg|Terminal Technology - Microscribe}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1343.jpg|Texas Instruments}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-28031.jpg|Tidalwave}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-1030.jpg|Torch Computers Ltd}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-728.jpg|Toshiba}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-6209.jpg|Transam}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-5078.jpg|Triumph-AdlerAlphatronic - Matmos PC}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2244.jpg|Tulip Computers}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-16182.jpg|Umax}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3649.gif|Viglen}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2202.jpg|Vydec Exxon}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2149.png|Wang}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-3138.jpg|Xerox}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-747.jpg|Yamaha}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-2233.png|Zenith Data Systems}}{{http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/userdata/images/sections/SPIC-12156.gif|Zilog}}
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+==== Rack ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/Altair_8800.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/imsai8080-left.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/h8-h17-right.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/cromemco-system-three-right.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/sage-iv.jpg}}

==== Scheda ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/kim1-a.jpg}}

==== Misto legno/metallo ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/sol-20-right.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/compucolor-right.jpg}}

==== Unita centrale e tastiera insieme ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/appleii-right.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/amiga500.jpg}}

==== Unita centrale, schermo e tastiera insieme ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/ibm5100.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/pet2001-black.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/trs80-iii.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/ibm5322.jpg}}

==== Forme strane ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/trs80ii.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/osborne1.jpg}}
{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/lisa2.jpg}}

==== Colori sgargianti ====

{{http://oldcomputers.net/pics/compucolor-8001.jpg}}
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+Line 88:
- * Datazione su etichette esterne
+ * Datazione su etichette esterne: ci sono delle date di collaudo, di scadenza garanzia o altro?
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