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The short story:
ntk was developed originally in c, was abandoned, redone in python, abandoned, and finally so far reincarnated as vala. by different people.
The original specifications are here http://netsukuku.freaknet.org/index.php?pag=documentation&dir=/main_documentation
And more documents which may or may not be relevant from the c version days are here http://netsukuku.freaknet.org/
A nice guide in Lucas blog http://pyntk.blogspot.co.uk/
more around.